The short answer
A mixture of dates and materials. The church and its 1451 tower, the 1790s chapel, the 1828 school building and later houses each use different coverings and leadwork, so each roof is read separately. Lead, gutters and the joins between roofs are where trouble usually begins.
Atworth has a church site that goes back to the 11th century, and the buildings around it were added in layers. The roofs of that centre belong to no single period, which is why a one-size repair does not work.
Q1.1Why does the age of the building matter so much?
Because every era lays a roof differently. A medieval tower and a Georgian chapel are framed for different loads, drained in different ways and finished with different details. A roofer who knows the date of the building can predict where it will leak: usually at the junctions, where one roof meets a wall or another roof, and where lead has to bridge the join.
Q1.2Where does water usually get in?
Rarely through the middle of a sound covering. It enters at valleys, at the foot of a chimney, behind a parapet, beneath a cracked ridge, or where a gutter has sagged and spills over the wall. We check those places first and photograph them for the written quote.
Q1.3Are the roofs near the church any different to reach?
Often. Tall buildings, close neighbours and churchyard boundaries all affect the position of scaffold and the route that materials take. Where an access plan needs agreement from a neighbour or the parish, we raise it early so the date is not lost. Our lead roofing page explains the metal work that most of these buildings depend on.
Valleys deserve a special mention. On a church or chapel the valley between two roofs is long, and a long lead run is a stern test of any sheet. We look along its full length for splits, for lifted edges and for a build-up of moss or leaves, and we note how the run is fixed at the top, because lead that is nailed too firmly cannot move as the seasons change and it tears itself apart.